The AI Museum
AI Analytics1,092 recordsRecounted 5 November 2026

Closed-weight multimodal models

Weightsopenclosedunknownfrontier only
Year20262025202420232022202120202019201820172016
2 filters active, showing 60 of 1,092 recordsClear all

60

Models

18 organisations

0%

Open weights

0 open, 60 closed

14

Frontier

By Epoch's flag

600B

Largest traceable

SenseChat 5.5

2020–2026

Span

13 with a traceable size

Releases

by year
2020202120222023202420252026

Organisation

Country

Domain

Records

newest 50 of 60
Closed-weight multimodal models, newest first. Each row links to the source Epoch AI records for it.
ModelOrganisationReleasedParametersWeights
GPT-6 AstraOpenAI2026-09—Closed
GPT-6 LunaOpenAI2026-09—Closed
GPT-6 SolOpenAI2026-09—Closed
GPT-6.1 SolOpenAI2026-09—Closed
GPT-5.5 InstantOpenAI2026-05—Closed
GPT-5.5OpenAI2026-04—Closed
GPT-5.5 ProOpenAI2026-04—Closed
Muse SparkMeta AI2026-04—Closed
GPT-5.4OpenAI2026-03—Closed
GPT-5.4 ProOpenAI2026-03—Closed
GPT-5.2 ProOpenAI2025-12—Closed
Gemini 3 ProGoogle DeepMind2025-11—Closed
GPT-5.1OpenAI2025-11—Closed
GPT-5.1 InstantOpenAI2025-11—Closed
GPT-5 ProOpenAI2025-10—Closed
GPT-5OpenAI2025-08—Closed
GPT-5 miniOpenAI2025-08—Closed
GPT-5 nanoOpenAI2025-08—Closed
Seed-1.6-ThinkingByteDance2025-06230BClosed
Llama 4 Behemoth (preview)Meta AI2025-042.0T *Closed
GPT-4o (Mar 2025)OpenAI2025-03—Closed
Mistral OCRMistral AI2025-03—Closed
GPT-4o (Jan 2025)OpenAI2025-01—Closed
Kimi k1.5Moonshot2025-01—Closed
Amazon Nova ProAmazon2024-12—Closed
Apollo 7BMeta AI2024-127BClosed
Fugatto 1Nvidia2024-113BClosed
GPT-4o (Nov 2024)OpenAI2024-11—Closed
Claude 3.5 Sonnet (October 2024)Anthropic2024-10—Closed
GPT-4o (Aug 2024)OpenAI2024-08—Closed
SenseChat 5.5SenseTime2024-07600BClosed
Claude 3.5 SonnetAnthropic2024-06—Closed
Ernie 4.0 TurboBaidu2024-06—Closed
GPT-4oOpenAI2024-05—Closed
GPT-4 Turbo (Apr 2024)OpenAI2024-04—Closed
Reka CoreReka AI2024-0467B *Closed
Claude 3 OpusAnthropic2024-03—Closed
Claude 3 SonnetAnthropic2024-03—Closed
MM1-30BApple2024-0330B *Closed
Qwen-VL-MaxAlibaba2024-017BClosed
Gemini 1.0 ProGoogle DeepMind2023-12—Closed
Gemini 1.0 UltraGoogle DeepMind2023-12—Closed
Gemini Nano-1Google DeepMind2023-122BClosed
Gemini Nano-2Google DeepMind2023-123BClosed
GPT-4 Turbo (Nov 2023)OpenAI2023-11—Closed
OmniVecTensorTour2023-11—Closed
ERNIE 4.0Baidu2023-10—Closed
PaLI-3Google DeepMind2023-105BClosed
GPT-4VOpenAI2023-09—Closed
GPT-4 (Jun 2023)OpenAI2023-061.8T *Closed

An asterisk marks a parameter figure the source does not consider traceable to the people who built the model. That judgement is the source’s and it has false negatives: Kimi K3 is marked speculative at 2.8T while Moonshot’s own model card states the figure. Why that distinction carries the whole exhibit.

Counts are of models Epoch AI records as notable, not of every model released. The most recent month is always incomplete, because a model enters the dataset when it is reviewed rather than when it ships.

Epoch AI, 'Data on AI Models'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved from 'https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models-documentation' Used under CC BY 4.0.

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